In this article we will discuss about Project Management and its Processes and Standards.
1.Project Management Processes
Generally project management consists of five main processes as follows:
• Initiating Processes, including Acknowledgment, Codification, Providing the steps and activities necessary for commencement of the Project.
• Planning Processes, including Description, Determination of goals, Taking the optimum solution for gaining successful and Doing complete obligations.
• Executing Processes, including Coordination activities necessary between all project executive departments according to Planning Schedule.
• Controlling Processes, including all activities for assurance to reach the Project’s Goals.
• Closing Processes, including all activities according to the executed steps and pre-considered Goals of the Project.
2. Project Management Standard
The American Project Management Institute (PMI) is founded in 1991 to gather and categorize all backgrounds and experiences in management field in different respects. At the beginning of 80`s dedicate, a project was defined by the said Institute to generate a Uniform Practice necessary for Project Management pursuit in three main routs as:
• Determination of scientist and professional characteristics – Moral;
• Concepts and structure of project management – Standard;
• Determination of how to be professional – Certificate.
The book named “A Guide the Project Management Body Of Knowledge” (PMBOK) was pressed and established in 1996. This book was certified by American National Standard Institute (ANSI) in 1999 and updated by PMI in 2000. A Standard Code No. ANSI/PMI-99-001/2000 allocated to this book and has been practiced for Professional Project Management Execution. Processes of project management in 9 main features are the PMI Standard Project Management which is linked to each other on a matrix chart. The columns of the matrix chart are 5 routs of processes and its rows are consisting of Standard Project Management. Every box of the matrix defines relation between process activities and relevant article. The features of PMI Standard Project Management are as follows:
2-1 Project Integration Management
Series of processes necessary for assurance of quiet enough coordination between all executive departments of the Project. Necessity of Project Integration Management mostly is important for projects which characteristics have major effective on each others in different sectors of Project; (counter-reactions). The main processes of the Project Integration Management are:
• Project Schedule;
• Execution of Project Schedule;
• Integration Control of Project Deviations.
2-2 Project Scope Management
To be assured of considering all project activities. The main processes of inclusive and exclusive Project Scope Management are:
• Definition of Initial Basics;
• Schedule of Scope;
• Definition of Scope;
• Periodic Monitoring and Control of Deviations from Scope.
2-3 Project Time Management
To be assured of completion of the project within approved time schedule. The main processes of Project Time Management are:
• Definition of Activities;
• Sequential of Activities;
• Estimation Time Schedule of Activities;
• Preparation and Control of Time Schedule.
2-4 Project Cost Management
To be assured of completion of the project according to approved budget. The main processes of Project Cost Management are:
• Works Sources Schedule;
• Estimation of Cost;
• Budgeting and Cost Control.
2-5 Project Quality Management
To be assured of satisfaction and approval of executed obligations of the project. The main processes of Project Quality Management are:
• Quality Schedule;
• Quality Certificate and Guarantee;
• Quality Control.
2-6 Project Human Resources Management
Consist of series of processes for effective usage of human resources, authorities, experts, guarantors and others involve in execution of the project. The main processes of Project Human Resources Management are:
• Organization Schedule;
• Human Resources Recruitment;
• Organization Improvement.
2-7 Project Communication Management
To be assured of producing, gathering, categorizing, saving and distributing of the project information in proper time and in suitable manner. Process of Project Communication Management beyond a kind of necessary and suitable relation between human resources, thinks and data is not possible. The main processes of Project Communication Management are:
• Communication Schedule;
• Information Distribution;
• Operation Reports
• Finalization of Execution.
2-8 Project Risk Management
Consist of systematic processes in recognition, analyzing and reaction to the project risk, improvement of the accepted/minimizing the unaccepted results to the project aims. The main processes of Project Risk Management are:
• Risk Management Schedule;
• Description of Risk
• Quality/Quantity Analyze of Risk
• Reaction Schedule to Risk
• Monitoring and Control of Risk.
2-9 Project Procurement Management
Consist of series of processes necessary for supplying equipments and services from outside of executive organization of project. The main processes of Project procurement Management are:
• Inquiry Schedule;
• Inquiry;
• Equipment/Service Supplier Qualification;
• Conclusion of Contract Agreement;
• Leading and Completion of Agreement.
